James, I-II Peter, Jude (Biblia.com)

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James has had a stormy and uncertain history in the Christian church. It had a difficult time getting into the New Testament, achieving canonical status in the Greek Church in the fourth century, the Latin Church in the fifth century, and the Syrian Church in the eighth century. Martin Luther famously judged James “an epistle of straw” and did not think it apostolic. R. A. Martin’s commentary on...

James’ line of argumentation is as follows. In v 18 he raises the question: How can you know whether faith is really present? Verse 19 shows that real faith is not intellectual assent to a proposition about God, but rather involves trust in that God. Then in vv 20–25, using examples drawn from the Old Testament, James demonstrates that faith and works (which are evidences of faith and grow out of it) are inseparable—two sides of the same coin. In the final verse of this section, James shows by another

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